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Herbs
for Scent or Cooking

ZONE: Various
TYPE: Annual, Half Hardy Annual or Perennial
SOIL: Fertile, Well Drained
LIGHT: Full sun
GROWTH: Usually Fast
Herbs have been used since ancient times to enlighten our lives with their
colors, their scent and their medicinal purposes. Medicinal herbs should be
discussed with an herbalist experienced in their use and is best done on a one
to one basis. Scented herbs and culinary herbs are very common all around us,
many are wildflowers, and their uses are vast.
Most herbs are either annuals that grow quickly and are harvested all
season, or
they are perennials and the harvesting is done in such a way to keep the stock
plants healthy and producing over a longer period of time. I have listed some
herbs and their uses below. Cultivation for these wonderful plants can only be
given generally here as different plants have different requirements, but
basically they like full sun, moist fertile soil, and fertilizer every once in a
while. When fertilizing, do not add excessive nitrogen as this will encourage
leafy growth and slightly inhibit flower formation. Of course, it depends on
whether the plant’s flowers or leaves are used. Pinching back and deadheading
of spent flowers will keep flower production at optimum. Harvesting is best done
early in the morning, after the dew evaporates. It is also best to harvest
flowers just before they fully open. Herbs may be dried by tying in bunches and
hanging upside down in a shaded ventilated area, or in the oven for one hour at
150 to 200 degrees. After drying, store the usable plant parts in airtight
containers to retain freshness. Herbal books often have recipes not only for cooking, but for herbal vinegars, bath oils, scent pillows and of course
potpourri.
Culinary herbs
*Ocimum Basilicum
(Basil) – annual
*Rosemary officinalis (Rosemary) –tender perennial
*Thymus vulgaris (Thyme)–tender perennial
*Salvia officinalis (Sage) –hardy perennial
*Crocus sativus (Saffron)- perennial
*Brassica species (Mustard)-annual
*Calendula officinalis (Pot
Marigold) – annual
*Tropaeolum majus (Nasturtium) –annual
*Capsicum annuum (Cayenne
Pepper) –annual
Fragrant Herbs
*Chamaemelum nobile
(Roman
Chamomile) – perennial
*Lavandula angustifolia (Lavender) – perennial
*Melissa officinalis (Lemon
Balm) –perennial
*Santolina Chamaecyparissus (Lavender
Cotton) -–perennial
*Mentha species (Mint) – perennial
*Artemisia vulgaris (Mugwort) – perennial
*Iris x germanica var. florentina (Orris) –perennial
*Rosa species (Rose) –perennial
*Pelargonium species (Scented
Geranium) –annual
These are
just a few
of the many varied herbs available for the home garden or
sunroom. An
herb
garden outside the door
makes a
convenient way to add scent,
taste and color
to our everyday
lives.
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