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Herbs for Scent or Cooking


 

ZONE: Various

TYPE: Annual, Half Hardy Annual or Perennial

SOIL: Fertile, Well Drained

LIGHT: Full sun

GROWTH: Usually Fast


Herbs have been used since ancient times to enlighten our lives with their colors, their scent and their medicinal purposes. Medicinal herbs should be discussed with an herbalist experienced in their use and is best done on a one to one basis. Scented herbs and culinary herbs are very common all around us, many are wildflowers, and their uses are vast.

Most herbs are either annuals that grow quickly and are harvested all season, or they are perennials and the harvesting is done in such a way to keep the stock plants healthy and producing over a longer period of time. I have listed some herbs and their uses below. Cultivation for these wonderful plants can only be given generally here as different plants have different requirements, but basically they like full sun, moist fertile soil, and fertilizer every once in a while. When fertilizing, do not add excessive nitrogen as this will encourage leafy growth and slightly inhibit flower formation. Of course, it depends on whether the plant’s flowers or leaves are used. Pinching back and deadheading of spent flowers will keep flower production at optimum. Harvesting is best done early in the morning, after the dew evaporates. It is also best to harvest flowers just before they fully open. Herbs may be dried by tying in bunches and hanging upside down in a shaded ventilated area, or in the oven for one hour at 150 to 200 degrees. After drying, store the usable plant parts in airtight containers to retain freshness. Herbal books often have recipes not only for cooking, but for herbal vinegars, bath oils, scent pillows and of course potpourri.

Culinary herbs

*Ocimum Basilicum (Basil) – annual
*Rosemary officinalis (Rosemary) –tender perennial
*Thymus vulgaris (Thyme)–tender perennial
*Salvia officinalis (Sage) –hardy perennial
*Crocus sativus (Saffron)- perennial
*Brassica species (Mustard)-annual
*Calendula officinalis (Pot Marigold) – annual
*Tropaeolum majus (Nasturtium) –annual
*Capsicum annuum (Cayenne Pepper) –annual

Fragrant Herbs

*Chamaemelum nobile (Roman Chamomile) – perennial
*Lavandula angustifolia (Lavender) – perennial
*Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm) –perennial
*Santolina Chamaecyparissus (Lavender Cotton) -–perennial
*Mentha species (Mint) – perennial
*Artemisia vulgaris (Mugwort) – perennial
*Iris x germanica var. florentina (Orris) –perennial
*Rosa species (Rose) –perennial
*Pelargonium species (Scented Geranium) –annual



These are just a few of the many varied herbs available for the home garden or sunroom. An herb garden outside the door makes a convenient way to add scent, taste and color to our everyday lives. 

 

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